PHILOSOPHY

    Neutrosophy is a new branch of philosophy that studies the origin, nature, and scope of neutralities, as well as their interactions with different ideational spectra.

This theory considers every notion or idea <A> together with its opposite or negation <antiA> and with their spectrum of neutralities <neutA> in between them (i.e. notions or ideas supporting neither <A> nor <antiA>). The <neutA> and <antiA> ideas together are referred to as <nonA>. Neutrosophy is a generalization of Hegel's dialectics (the last one is based on <A> and <antiA> only).

According to this theory every idea <A> tends to be neutralized and balanced by <antiA> and <nonA> ideas - as a state of equilibrium.

In a classical way <A>, <neutA>, <antiA> are disjoint two by two.

But, since in many cases the borders between notions are vague, imprecise, Sorites, it is possible that <A>, <neutA>, <antiA> (and <nonA> of course) have common parts two by two, or even all three of them as well.

The Lupasco-Nicolescu Law of Included Middle [<A>, <nonA>, and a third value <T> which resolves their contradiction at another level of reality] is generalized to the Law of Included Multiple-Middle [<A>, <antiA>, and <neutA>, where <neutA> is split into a multitude of neutralities between <A> and <antiA>, such as <neut₁A>, <neut₂A>, etc.]. The <neutA> value (i.e. neutrality or indeterminacy related to <A>) actually comprises the included middle value. Also the Principle of Dynamic Opposition [opposition between <A> and <antiA>] is extended to the Principle of Dynamic Neutrosophic Opposition [which means oppositions among <A>, <antiA>, and <neutA>]. This book is here.

Neutrosophy is the base of neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic probability, and neutrosophic statistics that are used in engineering applications (especially for software and information fusion), medicine, military, airspace, cybernetics, physics.

The neutrosophy were introduced by Florentin Smarandache in 1995.