Multicriteria neutrosophic method for the evaluation of risk factors and clinical aspects of bacterial bronchopneumonia in intensive care units

Abstract

The World Health Organization defines pneumonia by the presence of respiratory signs on inspection and the presence of polypnea. Risk factors play an important role in the severity and death of pneumonia, especially malnutrition by default. The research proposed a multicriteria neutrosophic method for the evaluation of risk factors and clinical aspects of bacterial bronchopneumonia in intensive care. A descriptive research with a qualitative approach was carried out, through a documentary review, with a systematic review of different scientific documents. In conclusion, it was observed that hospital-acquired pneumonia, or nosocomial pneumonia, is a pulmonary inflammatory process of infectious origin that arises during hospitalization, 48 hours later. Certain clinical situations facilitate the appearance of pneumonia. In alcoholic patients, mixed anaerobic infections occur. Gram-positive pneumonias occur in immunosuppressed and hospitalized patients. The main risk factors are: age, sex, hospital stay, comorbidity, immune status, aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions, tracheostomy, prolonged endotracheal intubation with mechanical ventilation, intra-abdominal surgery, previous antibiotic therapy, type of infection.