Neutrosophic Cognitive Map for the analysis of the impact of legal and illegal mining in the Yutzupino community and the violation of the rights of ethnic communities

Abstract

Ecuador, a state that guarantees rights and is unique in that it constitutionalizes the rights of nature, faces challenges in the protection of these rights and those of indigenous peoples due to mining exploitation. In the Yutzupino community, in the province of Napo, there is evidence of the violation of fundamental rights such as existence, regeneration, biodiversity, non-contamination, culture and territory, as a consequence of legal and illegal mining activity. This research aims to implement a Neutrosophic Cognitive Map to analyze the impact of mining in Yutzupino and the violation of the rights of ethnic communities in the Yutzupino River basin. The contamination generated by mining negatively impacts the health of communities, alters aquatic ecosystems and represents a serious threat due to the use of mercury, which is especially harmful to prenatal development. The study seeks to identify strategies that allow us to understand and address the rights conflict caused by mining exploitation in the region, contributing to the search for solutions that balance economic development with the protection of human rights and nature.