A Neutrosophic α-Discounting–Reliability Model for Evaluating Blended Chinese Language Courses in Vocational Colleges

Abstract

-Blended Chinese language courses in vocational colleges combine in-person and 
online activities. Measuring how effective these courses are is difficult because of 
differences in student engagement, data reliability, and uncertainties in participation. This 
paper proposes a new mathematical model that combines the α-discounting method, 
neutrosophic logic, and a data reliability factor. The model represents student 
engagement as truth (T), indeterminacy (I), and falsehood (F) while using α-discounting 
to handle inconsistencies in student feedback and performance. We introduce a new factor 
to measure the reliability of data and show how this affects the overall evaluation. Many 
equations are provided with clear explanations, and step-by-step numerical examples 
show how to use the model in real teaching situations. This approach gives teachers a 
better way to measure and improve blended Chinese language courses. 

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15648326